1 December 25, 2019
Articles
1. Madona Kebadze, Tamar Lekaidze
Historical and Geographical Position of Tusheti (Migration Processes in Tusheti)
History and Historians in the Context of the Time, 2019, 17(1): 3-8.
Number of views: 644 Download in PDF
2. Nicholas W. MitiukovHistory and Historians in the Context of the Time, 2019, 17(1): 3-8.
Abstract:
The paper presents the historical and geographical position of Tusheti, one of the most beautiful and most important regions of Georgia. The relationship between the mountains and valleys was of a particular economic and economic nature. As we know, the main industry of mining is livestock farming, for which it is good in the mountains in the summer, but in the winter the mountaineer must flock his flock of sheep and cattle to the valleys, otherwise he will not be able to feed them. Besides this, the sale of livestock products is carried out among the population living in the valley. The relations between the populations of these two localities are also interesting from a different point of view, since there is a small number of people in the mountains. Most of the population seeks lowlands. For the shepherds of Tusheti, such winter pastures of Kakheti as Aloni (Alvani) were very significant. For this reason, they were forced to be in good relations with the government of Kakheti. For their part, the kings of Kakheti did their best to strengthen ties with the brave Tushins to get a fee. An interesting fact is that Tushins still remember this fact. One can often hear from them that King Levan granted them the Alazani Valley. Data on Tusheti in the historiography of Georgia we meet only from the second half of the XV century. About Tusheti XV−XVI centuries, we have very little information. In historical sources, Tushins already appear more seriously after the separation of Kakheti as a separate kingdom. And, in particular, when they opposed the events that George VIII began to conduct. As for the intensive resettlement of the Tushino people in the valleys of Kakheti, this phenomenon already begins at the beginning of the 19th century, under the terms of the colonial policy of Tsarist Russia. Although this process was started at the end of the XIII century, which was due to their economic activity.
The paper presents the historical and geographical position of Tusheti, one of the most beautiful and most important regions of Georgia. The relationship between the mountains and valleys was of a particular economic and economic nature. As we know, the main industry of mining is livestock farming, for which it is good in the mountains in the summer, but in the winter the mountaineer must flock his flock of sheep and cattle to the valleys, otherwise he will not be able to feed them. Besides this, the sale of livestock products is carried out among the population living in the valley. The relations between the populations of these two localities are also interesting from a different point of view, since there is a small number of people in the mountains. Most of the population seeks lowlands. For the shepherds of Tusheti, such winter pastures of Kakheti as Aloni (Alvani) were very significant. For this reason, they were forced to be in good relations with the government of Kakheti. For their part, the kings of Kakheti did their best to strengthen ties with the brave Tushins to get a fee. An interesting fact is that Tushins still remember this fact. One can often hear from them that King Levan granted them the Alazani Valley. Data on Tusheti in the historiography of Georgia we meet only from the second half of the XV century. About Tusheti XV−XVI centuries, we have very little information. In historical sources, Tushins already appear more seriously after the separation of Kakheti as a separate kingdom. And, in particular, when they opposed the events that George VIII began to conduct. As for the intensive resettlement of the Tushino people in the valleys of Kakheti, this phenomenon already begins at the beginning of the 19th century, under the terms of the colonial policy of Tsarist Russia. Although this process was started at the end of the XIII century, which was due to their economic activity.
Number of views: 644 Download in PDF
Votkinsk-Built Boats on Khoper
History and Historians in the Context of the Time, 2019, 17(1): 9-19.
Number of views: 674 Download in PDF
3. History and Historians in the Context of the Time, 2019, 17(1): 9-19.
Abstract:
The paper analyzes photographs and references in the local history literature of Uryupinsk regarding Votkinsk-built boats that worked on Khoper: “Pobedny”, “Moskva” (“Smely”) and “Leningrad” (“Boyky”). It is concluded that, most likely, “Moskva” is a former factory boat “Pobeda”. "Leningrad" is an unfinished building, finally completed at the Stalingrad shipyard. “Pobedny” was a serial boat of unknown construction, which at one time worked at the Votkinsk plant. The first two boats in the late 1950-s were overhauled with the replacement of two gasoline engines with one diesel engine and possibly decommissioned in December 1961. “Pobedny” worked at the crossing until the 1960-s.
The paper analyzes photographs and references in the local history literature of Uryupinsk regarding Votkinsk-built boats that worked on Khoper: “Pobedny”, “Moskva” (“Smely”) and “Leningrad” (“Boyky”). It is concluded that, most likely, “Moskva” is a former factory boat “Pobeda”. "Leningrad" is an unfinished building, finally completed at the Stalingrad shipyard. “Pobedny” was a serial boat of unknown construction, which at one time worked at the Votkinsk plant. The first two boats in the late 1950-s were overhauled with the replacement of two gasoline engines with one diesel engine and possibly decommissioned in December 1961. “Pobedny” worked at the crossing until the 1960-s.
Number of views: 674 Download in PDF